//-------------------------------------------------------------------- var bookTitle = '钢琴组曲：Goyescas（戈雅之画）'; var bookSubTitle = ''; var bookFootText = '中国曲谱网 www.qupu123.com'; var bookIntroduce = "

 格拉纳多斯最成功的作品是他的钢琴组曲《戈雅之画》Goyescas，又称《戈雅画景》，副标题“恋爱中的少女”LosMajosEnamorados，写于1912-1914年间。他一生钟爱西班牙画家弗朗西斯科·戈雅的作品，并为此创作了这部组曲。这部作品由六首小曲组成，标题分别是：

1.爱的告白LosRequiebros

2.窗边的情话ColoquioEnLaReja

3.烛光凡丹戈ElFandangoDeCandil

4.叹息，少女与夜莺QuejasOLaMajaYElRuisenor

5.爱与死ElAmorYLaMuerte

6.幽灵的小夜曲SerenataDelEspectro

其中以第3首和第4首最为出色。

 弗朗西斯科·戈雅（F.Goya1746-1828）这位曾经为宫廷服务的西班牙绘画大师，总是毫不忌讳地把贵族们肤浅庸俗的一面反映在画布上，除了这般对所谓上流社会的讽刺，戈雅也酷爱以画笔诚实地纪录下平民们的生活。相当热爱西班牙本土艺术的音乐家格拉那多斯对于戈雅的作品相当推崇，一回他在马德里的普拉多美术馆（PradoMuseum）看过这些描绘庶民生活的风俗画以后深受感动，进而构思足以代表其作品圆熟期最高成就的钢琴组曲《戈雅画景》Goyescas。

 十八世纪性格豪爽的西班牙庶民，喜好高谈阔论、斗牛的尚武男性被称做玛霍（Majo），打扮时髦的俏丽女性则被称为玛哈（Maja），这群自视甚高，对生命充满自信的男女代表着最草根的西班牙精神。被加上“恋爱中的玛霍们”Losmajosenamorados副标题的《戈雅画景》，并非刻意在回应戈雅的某几幅作品，而是以戈雅一系列画作中玛霍、玛哈们的生活情景为灵感来源，合并西班牙传统的音乐语汇，创作出由二部共六曲所构成的钢琴组曲。第一曲《爱的告白》Losrequiebros以节奏感十足的前奏展开，象征玛霍登场，其中两个变奏主题取材自与戈雅同时代的西班牙作曲家拉赛那（B.Laserna1751-1816）所写的吉他伴奏的小型独唱歌曲“托那迪亚”（Tonadilla），西班牙传统霍塔（Jota）舞曲的三拍子节奏与三连音音型在华丽的装饰奏点缀下，呈示求爱者热切的心情。

 第二曲《窗边倾诉》Coloquioenlareja以微妙的半音阶主题变奏，强化隔窗对话的玛霍与玛哈相互爱恋之意，然而一开始即持续被导入的晦暗动机，已经在预示着宿命的悲剧。随之而来的《火焰凡丹戈舞曲》Elfandangodelcandil是热闹的舞蹈场面，在热情而强烈的节奏中，也隐藏着一丝神秘的氛围。第一部最后一曲《叹息，玛哈与夜莺》Quejasolamajayelruisenor是相当抒情的段落，格拉那多斯把萧邦式的浪漫唯美融入自己的西班牙血液中，窗前凝思的玛哈在情人离去后发出阵阵的喟叹，最后夜莺的巧啭声传来，这种颇具灵性的鸟类似乎已理解了玛哈的命运。

 在《戈雅画景》第二部，格拉那多斯深度触及哥雅画作的阴暗面。《爱与死：叙事曲》Elamorylamuerte:Balada描述玛哈与为了爱情与荣誉而决斗失败，濒死的玛霍相拥，两人回想起过去的种种，前四曲的主题透过变形陆续地再现，“叹息”的主题在此愈发显得凄凉。在一阵吊亡钟声的音响过后，《终曲：幽灵的小夜曲》Epilogo:Serenadadelespectro接着上场，玛霍的幽灵随着鬼火跳动般的小夜曲现形，热情不减往日，可惜一切都在黎明钟响后飘散了。

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